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Shaping a Favourable Tomorrow
The Special Issue “India’s Soft Push for Power in South Asia: Shaping A Favourable Tomorrow” was ideated keeping in mind the increasing need for Indian policymakers to mitigate challenges emerging against New Delhi’s South Asian policy. Through each chapter, contributed by emerging Indian scholars specializing in India’s neighborhood policy, the publications envisions new and existing strategies to effectively leverage India’s soft power appeal in South Asia.
The dashboard is part of ORCA’s India-China Trade Project.
The dashboard is part of ORCA’s India-China Trade Project. Synopsis: The India-China Trade dashboard- Annual is a comprehensive visualisation of yearly merchandise trade between the two economies. It captures India’s imports and exports to China between 2011-12 to 2021-22 based on the Harmonised System (HS Codes).
Analysing Two Pillars of China’s 2025 Government Work Report
As the Government Work Report is largely known as an agenda document, it sets a direction for the economy in the coming year, which is currently relying on two wheels of stimulus and innovation amidst potential US-China trade war. Persistent deflationary pressure and weak demand has compelled China to introduce fiscal stimulus despite fears of growing debt burden. Private sector is also being revived as it acts as a primary driver of innovation in China, provided it aligns with the Party directions. While China will hope to boost demand in the coming months with the increased fiscal stimulus, the sustained pessimism among Chinese consumers along with uncertainties in the global economic landscape can limit the effectiveness of these measures.
A Tale of Differing Expectations
History, Impact and Institutions
China's leaders have framed corruption as a threat to the Party’s existence and country’s stability. Several anti-corruption campaigns were carried out in the early years of the PRC, and the intensification of corruption since the reform and opening up of China prompted vigorous campaigns by successive leaders. Under Xi Jinping, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (中央纪律检查委员会) and National Supervisory Commission (国家监察委员会) have taken on greater significance. China's anti-corruption campaign since 2013 has investigated and prosecuted many high-level members of the Party, PLA and various institutions across the Party-State-Society spectrum in China. The far-reaching anti-corruption campaign conducted during Xi Jinping’s tenure has impacted elite politics in China as well as policy implementation.
We are a Delhi NCR based research institute focusing on domestic Chinese politics/policy!Our work studies the Communist Party of China's internal maneuvering and how that impacts China's external posturing.
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Made with the intention of furthering our audience's knowledge, our interactive map will tell you some interesting facts about each province in China.
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Province Name: Anhui Capital: Hefei Population Density 2023: 439.096 Party Secretary: Liang Yanshun Contribution to GDP in 2024: 3.77% Did you know? Anhui translates to “Peaceful Beauty" and is famous for producing Xuan Paper and Hui Ink, which are traditionally considered the best for Chinese calligraphy.
Province Name: Beijing Capital: Beijing Population Density 2023: 1332.115 Party Secretary: Yin Li Contribution to GDP in 2024: 3.719% Did you know? Beijing has been the capital of China 6 times; the first time was in 221 BC during the Warring States Period. Zhongnanhai (中南海), the complex which houses the headquarters of CPC is located here.
Province Name: Chongqing Capital: Chongqing Population Density 2023: 387.257 Party Secretary: Yuan Jiajun Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.402% Did you know? Chongqing is the deepest inland port in China along the shores of the Yangtze, Jialing and Wujiang Rivers. It was the first inland port opened for direct foreign trade.
Province Name: Fujian Capital: Fuzhou Population Density 2023: 337.611 Party Secretary: Zhou Zuyi Contribution to GDP in 2024: 4.310% Did you know? Located at a strategic maritime position across Taiwan, China's third aircraft carrier also carries its name. The famous Oolong tea originated in Fujian and it is also a home to 'Tulou' earthern buildings constructed by the Hakka community.
Province Name: Gansu Capital: Lanzhou Population Density 2023: 57.891 Party Secretary: Hu Changsheng Contribution to GDP in 2024: 0.970% Did you know? Political prisoners are often sent here. The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the first of China's four spaceports, is located in the Gobi desert of Inner Mongolia. It is currently China's only site for launching manned spacecraft into orbit and also tests medium to long range missiles.
Province Name: Guangdong Capital: Guangzhou Population Density 2023: 707.067 Party Secretary: Huang Kunming Contribution to GDP in 2024: 10.567% Did you know? Most populous province of China and has global economic hubs such as Shenzhen, and Guangzhou. It is also the birth province of Sun Yat-sen, the 'Father of Modern China'.
Province Name: Guangxi Capital: Nanning Population Density 2023: 211.574 Party Secretary: Chen Gang Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.137% Did you know? Guangxi is the only autonomous region in China that has both land ports and deepwater seaports at its international border with Vietnam. It is the largest sugarcane producer in China.
Province Name: Guizhou Capital: Guiyang Population Density 2023: 219.353 Party Secretary: Xu Lin Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.691% Did you know? In 1935, during the Long March, Mao Zedong consolidated his power and took control of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in this province.
Province Name: Hainan Capital: Haikou Population Density 2023: 295.016 Party Secretary: Fang Fei Contribution to GDP in 2024: 0.592% Did you know? The world's first island-looping high-speed railway (HSR) — stretching 653 km — was completed in Hainan in 2015.
Province Name: Henan Capital: Zhengzhou Population Density 2023: 587.725 Party Secretary: Liu Ning Contribution to GDP in 2024: 4.744% Did you know? Henan literally means "south of (Yellow) river" and it is considered as the cradle of Chinese civilization as two of the oldest Chinese dynasties Xia (21st C BC - 16th C BC) and Shang (16th C BC - 11th C BC) were based in Henan.
Province Name: Hebei Capital: Shijiazhuang Population Density 2023: 391.578 Party Secretary: Ni Yuefeng Contribution to GDP in 2024: 3.546% Did you know? The Beidaihe beach resort, famously known for the CPC's annual summer retreat where inner-Party deliberations are held, is located in Hebei. Additionally, it is the largest steel producer in China.
Province Name: Heilongjiang Capital: Harbin Population Density 2023: 67.326 Party Secretary: Xu Qin Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.229% Did you know? Heilongjiang literally means "Black Dragon River" and borders Russia with Amur River ('Heilong' in Chinese) serving as the boundary. Home to the world's largest Siberian tiger reserve, it is also known as the 'winter sports capital' of China.
Province Name: Hubei Capital: Wuhan Population Density 2023: 314.040 Party Secretary: Wang Zhonglin Contribution to GDP in 2024: 4.478% Did you know? The Three Gorges Dam situated in the province is the world's largest hydroelectric facility. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is situated in the capital city of this province known for spearheading research on SARS.
Province Name: Hunan Capital: Changsha Population Density 2023: 310.104 Party Secretary: Shen Xiaoming Contribution to GDP in 2024: 3.971% Did you know? Hunan is the birth province of China's first Chairman Mao Zedong. It is famous for food, being one of the most widely exported Chinese cuisine styles internationally.
Province Name: Jiangsu Capital: Nanjing Population Density 2023: 830.994 Party Secretary: Xin Changxing Contribution to GDP in 2024: 10.22% Did you know? Jiangsu has produced the most number of members in the 20th Central Committee, showing its growing political importance. Jiangsu has emerged both as a major agricultural hub due to fertile lands and as an economic powerhouse due to the presence of high-tech industries.
Province Name: Inner Mongolia Capital: Hohhot Population Density 2023: 20.254 Party Secretary: Sun Shaocheng Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.963% Did you know? Bayan Obo, a mining town in Inner Mongolia, hosts the world's largest rare earth mineral deposit. Inner Mongolia was the first region in China to attain autonomous ethnic status and is home to Genghis Khan's mausoleum.
Province Name: Jiangxi Capital: Nanchang Population Density 2023: 270.521 Party Secretary: Yin Hong Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.552% Did you know? Mao Zedong's famous 'Long March' began here in October 1934 and covered over 10,000 km in the next one year. Ruijin in Jiangxi was the capital of the Chinese Soviet Republic before the Long March and many other hsitorical places here makes it a popular destination for 'Red Tourism'.
Province Name: Jilin Capital: Changchun Population Density 2023: 124.813 Party Secretary: Huang Qiang Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.071% Did you know? It is a critical grain production base and is located on the world-famous "golden rice belt" and "golden corn belt". Its capital Changchun is also known as "City of automobiles" (China's Detroit) as China's oldest automobile manufacturer FAW was set up here in 1953.
Province Name: Liaoning Capital: Shenyang Population Density 2023: 281.806 Party Secretary: Hao Peng Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.433% Did you know? China's first aircraft carrier commissioned in 2012 into PLA-N is named after this province. Known as the 'Rust Belt' of China, it has traditionally been China's one of of the principal industrial provinces.
Province Name: Ningxia Capital: Yinchuan Population Density 2023: 110.221 Party Secretary: Li Yifei Contribution to GDP in 2024: 0.411% Did you know? The province is known for the production of Goji berries, an ingredient used as part of traditional Chinese medicine.
Province Name: Qinghai Capital: Xining Population Density 2023: 8.224 Party Secretary: Wu Xiaojun Contribution to GDP in 2024: 0.295% Did you know? Asia's longest river Yangtze originates in the Tibetan plateau in Qinghai; the Qinghai region is called Amdo in Tibetan.
Province Name: Shaanxi Capital: Xi'an Population Density 2023: 192.031 Party Secretary: Zhao Yide Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.652% Did you know? Birth province of Chinese President and CPC General Secretary Xi Jinping. The ancient Silk Road, which serves as the precursor to present-day BRI, originated here.
Province Name: Shandong Capital: Jinan Population Density 2023: 644.367 Party Secretary: Lin Wu Contribution to GDP in 2024: 7.354% Did you know? Confucius (Kong Zi) was born here near Qufu in 551 BCE. China's second aircraft carrier, which is the country's first domestically built aircraft carrier, is named after this province.
Province Name: Shanghai Capital: Shanghai Population Density 2023: 3922.713 Party Secretary: Chen Jining Contribution to GDP in 2024: 4.023% Did you know? As the birthplace of the Communist Party of China, Shanghai is a politically significant municipality in China; 8 of the 9 former Party Secretaries of Shanghai since 1987 have earner a seat in Politburo Standing Committee - China's highest decision-making body.
Province Name: Shanxi Capital: Taiyuan Population Density 2023: 221.187 Party Secretary: Tang Dengjie Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.902% Did you know? Meaning literally "West of the (Taihang) mountains", Shanxi possesses roughly a third of China's coal deposits and is famous for its unique aged vinegar made through a complex fermentation process.
Province Name: Sichuan Capital: Chengdu Population Density 2023: 172.146 Party Secretary: Wang Xiaohui Contribution to GDP in 2024: 4.827% Did you know? Sichuan means "four rivers", usually denoting four of the province's major rivers: the Jialing, Jinsha (or Wu), Min, and Tuo rivers. As a result, it is one of the largest grain producers in China.
Province Name: Tianjin Capital: Tianjin Population Density 2023: 1144.583 Party Secretary: Chen Min'er Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.345% Did you know? Nankai University, China’s first private university, is in Tianjin and was the alma mater of PRC's first Premier Zhou Enlai. Tianjin port is one of the busiest ports in China after Shanghai.
Province Name: Tibet Capital: Lhasa Population Density 2023: 2.971 Party Secretary: Wang Junzheng Contribution to GDP in 2024: 0.206% Did you know? Tibet Autonomous Region, commonly called Tibet, is only a part of the historic country of Tibet and was created by China for administrative purposes; it originally comprised of 3 provinces, namely Amdo, Kham and U-Tsang.
Province Name: Xinjiang Capital: Ürümqi Population Desnsity 2023: 15.605 Party Secretary: Ma Xingrui Contribution to GDP in 2024: 1.532% Did you know? China's first nuclear weapons test, Project 596, was conducted in at the Lop Nur Test Site in Xinjiang. To align more with the geographical location, people in Xinjiang unofficially follow their own Xinjiang Time (GMT +6) which is 2 hours behind the Beijing time (GMT +8) followed across China.
Province Name: Yunnan Capital: Kunming Population Density 2023: 118.574 Party Secretary: Wang Ning Contribution to GDP in 2024: 2.353% Did you know? Yunnan is called the "Kingdom of Plants and Animals" as it has the greatest biodiversity in China. It is also known as the "Kingdom of non-ferrous metals" as it ranks first in deposits of zinc, lead, tin, etc.
Province Name: Zhejiang Capital: Hangzhou Population Density 2023: 650.982 Party Secretary: Wang Hao Contribution to GDP in 2024: 6.725% Did you know? Zhejiang is the birth province of Taiwan's former leader Chiang-Kai-Shek. It is the headquarters China's tech companies like Alibaba and DeepSeek, and plays a crucial role in China's digital economy growth.